legal factors affecting airline industry

There are many laws devised for air traffic and the safety and security of passengers. The airline industry is widely impacted by regulations and restrictions related to international trade, tax policy, and competition. If he wins the presidency, his administration would most likely ignore the Trump proposal and write a new, more stringent one. The airline industry is one that is very dependent on the economy of a country in that, when the economy is not doing so well, there are higher chances that it will also be experiencing difficulties in terms of revenue. This section specifically discusses the US law of air transport. To match the reduced demand, airlines were forced to cut capacity by 2.8% in 2001 and 3.9% in 2002. The passenger airline industry is affected by the following factors. Economic Factors - These factors represent the wider economy. Stimulus checks to consumers provide discretionary income, which increases demand for vacations and air travel. The New People Patent-pending digital pill may help flight crew know how passengers bodies are handling the flight. There are many regulations which require airlines to offer safe travel along with high-quality services. The recent economic recession made the travel market to see its lowest period. Revenue declined by $22 billionto $307 billion in 2001from $329 billion in 2000. Contact Us | Privacy Policy | Terms of Service, external factors that are affecting business, Ecological factors impact the airline industry the most than any other industry, Kotlers Five Product Levels Model Definition,, What is an Augmented Product? Daniel Rutherford, program director for aviation with the International Council for Clean Transportation, said the standard would not require any new investment in fuel-efficient technology. One such example is a PESTEL (Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental and Legal factors) framework which is discussed below. Fuel price: In general, fuel price always plays an important role in the Monetary policies determine interest rates and an airlines ability to purchase aircraft. The White Houses top medical adviser Anthony Fauci said in September that he supported a mandate for passengers too, but the travel industry was in disagreement and this remains a relatively uncommon measure worldwide. Source: HeinOnline subscription database. Environmentalists have long said aviation emissions need to be reduced to prevent the worst effects of global warming. Andrew Wheeler, the E.P.A. By using this site, you are agreeing to security monitoring and auditing. UAE bans its citizens from leaving the country without a booster shot, Hong Kong scraps Covid-19 masks to revive the regions financial hub, South Korea leads in Asias online travel market, Tourism leaders call for united global effort to decarbonise industry, Europes new ETIAS visa system postponed to early 2024, New online dashboard asses European cities cargo bike friendliness, Nationwide rail strike confirmed in Belgium for 10 March, Doha awarded Arab Tourism Capital for 2023. Political Factors Well At EU level, the ReFuelEU Aviation initiative aims to boost the supply and demand for sustainable aviation fuels in the EU, in order to reduce aviations environmental footprint and enable it to help achieve the EUs climate targets. That plan required a 4-percent reduction in fuel consumption of new aircraft starting in 2028 compared with 2015 deliveries. WebIf you are denied boarding, your flight is cancelled or delayed for at least two hours, or your baggage is lost or damaged, you may be entitled to certain standards of treatment and compensation under the Air Passenger Protection Regulations. In addition, this Title includes regulations regarding airspace and air traffic. John F. O'Connell; George Williams (Editor), Attention All Passengers: The Airlines' Dangerous Descent -- and How to Reclaim Our Skies, Clipped Wings: Corporate Social Responsibility and the Airline Industry, From Lowlands to High Skies: a Multilevel Jurisdictional Approach Towards Air Law, Full Upright and Locked Position: Not-So-Comfortable Truths About Air Travel Today, Peter Belobaba (Editor); Cynthia Barnhart (Editor); Amedeo Odoni (Editor), International Air Carrier Liability: Safety and Security, Andrew J. Harakas; American Bar Association, Tort Trial and Insurance Practice Section Staff (Contribution by), Managing the Skies: Public Policy, Organization, and Financing of Air Traffic Management, The Principles and Practice of International Aviation Law, Progressive Commercialization of Airline Governance Culture, The Routledge Companion to Air Transport Management, Nigel Halpern (Editor); Anne Graham (Editor), https://guides.library.harvard.edu/aviation_regulation, Regulation of the Aviation Industry: Major Players, Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Researching Aviation Law Topics: Selected Treatises, Researching Aviation Law Topics: HOLLIS Searches, Researching Aviation Law Topics: Book Series, Researching Aviation Law Topics: Getting the Deal Through, Airline Deregulation Act of 1978: Selected Research Resources, https://www.transportation.gov/airconsumer, https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2004-title14-vol1/content-detail.html, https://www.loc.gov/aba/cataloging/subject/, HOLLIS Subject Search: Aeronautics -- Commercial -- Deregulation, HOLLIS Subject Search: Aeronautics -- Law and Legislation, HOLLIS Subject Search: Airlines -- Deregulation, HOLLIS Subject Search: Airlines -- Management, HOLLIS Subject Search: Carriers -- Law and Legislation, HOLLIS Subject Search: Liability for Aircraft Accidents, HOLLIS Subject Search: Products Liability -- Airplanes, HOLLIS Subject Search: United States -- Federal Aviation Administration, Essential Air and Space Law (Eleven International Publishing), Getting the Deal Through: Air Transport - United States, Journal of Air Law and Commerce (Journal), Transportation Law Emerging Issues (Current Awareness Service), Transportation Safety and Insurance Law (Treatise), Airline Industry Information (Current Awareness Service), Aviation Tort and Regulatory Law (Treatise), Federal Aviation Administration Administrative Decisions and Guidance, US Code Annotated (USCA) - Title 49, Subtitle VII - Aviation Programs, Williston on Contracts: Contracts of Carriage by Sea and Air (Treatise), Airline Deregulation: Changes in Airfares, Service, and Safety at Small, Medium-Sized, and Large Communities, HeinOnline - Legislative History of the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978, ProQuest Legislative Insight - Legislative History of the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978. E.P.A. Last year, Nancy Young, the vice president for environmental affairs at Airlines for America, a group that lobbies for the airline industry, testified to Congress that her members needed the federal government to create a legal certification demonstrating that American-made aircraft comply with the international standard. In January, several environmental groups filed a legal notice of their intent to sue the Trump administration for its failure to meet that requirement, giving 180 days notice. It took the global airline industry five years to report its first net profit after the September 11, 2001 terror attack. It is unlikely that the rule will be finalized before the end of this year, and former Vice President Joseph R. Biden Jr. has campaigned on a platform of aggressive climate action. Read those pages for additional information regarding the legal solutions our industry teams provide. Customers tend to choose airlines based on the characteristics of their services, which include on-board amenities, safety, entertainment, and ground services (Wen & Yeh, 2010). Why political and legal factors impact the airline industry. The airline industry is widely impacted by regulations and restrictions related to international trade, tax policy, and competition. Its also impacted by issues like war, terrorism, and the outbreak of diseasessuch as Ebola. These issues are political. Political and legal factors that impact the airline industry. Financial impact of September 11, 2001, on the airline industry. Webfactors that impact on airline performances (Lohmann & Koo, 2013). Making a PESTLE analysis will help in determining the weak areas and how much efforts are required to invest so as to get back to the right way. of Transportation looking into practices of travel websites and question of whether flight information is proprietary and protectable by the airlines. In the past few years, there has been a reduction in business class travelling which is a huge loss for the companies. In most countries, there are strict regulations for the aviation industry. Its also impacted byissues likewar, terrorism, and the outbreak of diseasessuch as Ebola. Researching Booking.com awaits Supreme Court ruling as the USPTO appeals previous decisions finding BOOKING.COM, though a combination of generic terms, can be protected through trademark registration. 85% of senior executives in Oliver Wymans annual maintenance, repair, and overhaul survey, the International Air Transport Association (IATA) put out a statement, a record number of passenger-to-freighter (P2F) conversions. This process involves huge finances; however, airlines cannot even compromise because even the passengers are held accountable for their carbon footprint. Increased technological advancements can make airlines gain profits through offering safety and enhanced services. Note: This book is not available in the Harvard Library collections. Click the linked book title to view the book's record in the HOLLIS library catalog. He has worked in international sales, customer relations and public relations for major airlines, and has written for Demand Studios since May 2009. Jeff Fulton is a writer specializing in business, travel and culture. Air travel accounts for about 2.5 percent of global carbon dioxide emissions, a far smaller share than emissions from passenger cars or power plants. The new proposal on airplane emissions, which would be open to public comment before being legally finalized, is modeled after a plan drafted largely by international airline companies and adopted in 2016 by the International Civil Aviation Organization, a United Nations body. In addition, private companies may also institute policies that affect the industry's viability, such as policies about fuel. Airlines are made responsible for air crashes or any other type of damage or disaster. Whenever she can, Marta loves traveling, exploring nature and learning about regenerative agriculture. Includes regulatory history, Supreme Court case history, bills, and Congressional materials (reports, hearings, and other documents). Various countries enact labor laws that mandate generous benefits. Defense of third-party infringement claims. You can also sign up for email updates on the SEC open data program, including best practices that make it more efficient to download data, and SEC.gov enhancements that may impact scripted downloading processes. Government Accountability Office (GAO) report to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, April 1996. Book records in the HOLLIS library catalog generally include one or more Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) (https://www.loc.gov/aba/cataloging/subject/). In 2001, the global airline industry recorded losses of $13 billion. WebDemand for air travel is also affected by factors such as economic conditions, war or the threat of war, fare levels and weather conditions. Two important macro-environmental factors that may affect an organisation in the airlines industry are Economic and Technological factors. In October, Air New Zealand became one of the highest-profile airlines to announce a passenger mandate, a necessary requisite as of February 2022. Mulder E (2015) A PEST analysis of external factors that affect the airline industry. Airlines also create social values like any other business as the consumer of today has changed. Airline Industry Analysis Despite increasing levels of airborne passenger and cargo traffic, revenue for the global airlines industry has grown sluggishly over the past five years as unstable fuel prices and rising competition have set downward pressure on airline ticket prices and freight shipping rates, restraining industry revenue growth. Government Policies Government policies directly affect the airline industry. For more information, please see the SECs Web Site Privacy and Security Policy. Whether you are starting your first company or you are a dedicated entrepreneur diving into a new venture, Bizfluent is here to equip you with the tactics, tools and information to establish and run your ventures. But those emissions are projected to triple by 2050, according to the International Civil Aviation Organization. She is also quite enthusiastic about space ventures and the cosmos. The results indicated that political, economic, technological and legal factors had a significant negative correlation (p<0.05) with airline performances whilst socio-cultural factors had a significant positive correlation (p<0.05) with airline performances. 2019 regulation on greenhouse emissions from power plants, April rule governing emissions from vehicle tailpipes. Note: In HOLLIS, you can limit a search results list, such as by type of resource, date, or holding library, by using the filtering options on the right side of the screen. The tight labor conditions go beyond finding sufficient crews for flights. The airline industry is widely impacted by regulations and restrictions related to international trade, tax policy, and competition. Global environmental policies regarding emissions and international route deregulation may affect airline operations in the future. Feedback on this guide is welcome. Unfortunately, none of these challenges are likely to disappear from the radar, rather, with the Covid-19 pandemic, much of the challenges will be exacerbated. to establish a rule. Along with this, however, has come a steady increase in flight cancellations due to labor shortages. The LCSH system features a controlled,hierarchical vocabulary of subject-specific keywords. As the single most important cost, policies affecting both fuel supply and price greatly affect airline viability. Similar to economic or political factors, legal factors also hold special importance for analyzing the external environment of the airline industry. Fuel is a very major expenditure of the industry and airlines are required to invest more in environmentally friendly and fuel-efficient aircraft. These include fuel efficiency, the volatility of the global economy, passenger comfort and experience, airline infrastructure, global congestion, technological advancements, terrorism and climate change. A former Blue Book trainee of the European Commission, Marta has a keen interest in EU and global affairs, and experience in reporting and interpreting information. For more information, contact opendata@sec.gov. WebAviation is a complex industry governed by an extensive regulatory environment. For more information on how we can assist with airline industry legal issues please contact us. WebThere are several factors that can positively affect the aviation industry and boost its growth such as the rise in purchasing power with the middle class and rapidly growing youth population, favorable demographics, economy flights/ Low Cost Carriers (LCC), growing tourism industry of India and a rise in passengers traveling by air within and Current guidelines limit users to a total of no more than 10 requests per second, regardless of the number of machines used to submit requests. WebPESTLE Analysis of Airline Industry Political Environment. These include supply decisions by oil suppliers, refinery expansion by oil companies and government decisions to open offshore drilling and fund alternate fuel research. The U.S. airline industry revenue decreased to $107.1 billion in 2002 from $130.2 billion in 2000. Many of these materials are provided as searchable full-text PDFs. Unauthorized attempts to upload information and/or change information on any portion of this site are strictly prohibited and are subject to prosecution under the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act of 1986 and the National Information Infrastructure Protection Act of 1996 (see Title 18 U.S.C. People may receive compensation for some links to products and services on this website. Operating costs are likely to increase in the short-run for both According to the International Air Transport Association (or IATA), the financial impact on the global and U.S. industry are as follows: Latest Southwest Airlines Co News and Updates. The importance of technological factors can be understood from the heavy use of technology in the global airline industry. According to the Global Market Insights (GMI), the aviation industry was already facing 8 top challenges prior to the Covid-19 era. Itreported its first profit of $5 billion in 2006 after four consecutive years of losses. To ensure our website performs well for all users, the SEC monitors the frequency of requests for SEC.gov content to ensure automated searches do not impact the ability of others to access SEC.gov content. Add me to Travel Tomorrow's mailing list. Litigation and Dispute Resolution 4. Airline companies face similar legal issues as businesses in theAutomotive, Technology, and Retailindustries. If a user or application submits more than 10 requests per second, further requests from the IP address(es) may be limited for a brief period. A forecast update on the global commercial airline fleet and aftermarket for 2022. Materials from the ProQuest Legislative Insight subscription database. With the signature of the Glasgow Declaration on Climate Action, a new gold standard for tourism leaders, holds the pledge of more than 100 travel companies to deliver towards decarbonisation by 2050 and halve current CO2 emissions by 2030. a plan drafted largely by international airline companies and adopted in 2016 by the International Civil Aviation Organization, a United Nations body. This is a quick guide designed to help you use resources from the Harvard Law School Library to research legal issues surrounding the regulation of the airline industry. Failing to be tech-savvy can result in loss of clients. In 2001, the global airline industry recorded losses of $13 billion. Note that this policy may change as the SEC manages SEC.gov to ensure that the website performs efficiently and remains available to all users. To allow for equitable access to all users, SEC reserves the right to limit requests originating from undeclared automated tools. means that reaching carbon neutrality in 2050 means acting today. The shortfall is being felt in every category from pilot, to baggage handler, to ticket agent, to flight attendant, to aircraft mechanic. In Future 1. Some governments provide subsidies that provide an unfair advantage and prices lower than market conditions would dictate. All Rights Reserved. Revenue per available seat mile (RASM), Global Fleet & MRO Market Forecast 20222032. Aircraft Trading, Finance and Leasing 3. As a result, they require government intervention. Passengers now prefer to access ticketing and check-in services through their hand-held devices instead of forming a line or booking manually. These factors made it difficult to generate profits. Several policies have been devised to protect passengers more than the aviation industry. That notice expires on July 28, but with the release of the draft rule, the environmental groups no longer have grounds to sue the administration to release a regulation on aviation pollution. Both of those rules replaced far more stringent climate change standards developed by the Obama administration, and in both cases the new rules allow for more planet-warming emissions than their predecessors. Discrimination law Copyright, patents / Intellectual property law Consumer protection and e-commerce Employment law Health and safety law Data Protection Weve uncovered eight burgeoning archetypes, surfaced through industry-leading research, that provoke disruptions in the way the world thinks and what it values. Consumer protection legislation requiring airlines to limit tarmac time during weather delays increases the flight cancellation rate, decreasing revenue. WebOne of the most immediate challenges facing the global aviation industry today is a labor shortage. Additionally, recent crashes and attacks have affected the profitability and viability of the aviation industry quite badly. Regulatory Bodies The links below are to sources related to this topic that are available in the LexisAdvancesubscription legal research database. PESTLE analysis is a strategic method through which airline companies can weigh all external factors that are affecting business. These include fuel efficiency, Ecological factors impact the airline industry the most than any other industry. Sitemap, British Airways operates more than 280 aircraft, Political Factors Affecting British Airways, British Airways PESTLE Analysis: Final Thoughts, the pound experienced historic depreciation, s a direct effect on the airline industry, decided to reduce the legroom of its planes, the first airline that used sustainable fuel, What is PESTLE Analysis? This Moreover, airlines also struggled with increasing labour demands from the part of employees. Air travel and the aviation-centered economy have begun to soar back to pre-pandemic levels, with U.S. airlines reporting record bookings for summer travel in June 2022. A case in point has been the several flights cancelled due to the Omicron variant, causing havoc before Christmas. Concluding, it can be said that the global airline industry has become very competitive and is a very expensive business as well. WebPolitical- legal factors As pursuing to develop globally, Singapore Airlines has to consider political factors in Singapore market and other countries as well. We rely on our journalists to be independent observers. WASHINGTON The Trump administration on Wednesday made public the federal governments first proposal to control planet-warming pollution from airplanes, but the draft regulation would not push the airlines beyond emissions limits they have set for themselves. Jeff holds a Bachelor of Science in journalism from Northwestern University and a Master of Business Administration in marketing from the University of Chicago. These issues are political. In addition, demand for air travel at Harvard affiliates can click the link to order it through InterLibrary Loan. In most countries, there are strict regulations for the aviation industry. The airline industry is widely impacted by regulations and restrictions related to international trade, tax policy, and competition. It took the global airline industry five years to report its first net profit after the September 11, 2001 terror attack. Financial impact of September 11, 2001, on the airline industry. Insecurity or war factors that affect particular countries always have a negative impact on the airline industry. WebFrom rising competition and consumer demands, to labor deficits and union strikes, to fluctuations in fuel prices, airline decision-makers need to constantly adjust their Informative and inspiring worldwide coverage. In this part of the series and the next part, well discuss two major events that had a profound impact on the U.S. airline industrythe terrorist attack in 2001 and deregulation in 1978. Reference ID: 0.3f460317.1677741366.32f6903e. Dept. This is mainly because of the risks associated and which can result in deaths or accidents or any irreparable damage. Below is a list of selected treatises on this topic that are available from the collections of the Harvard Library. Climate changes also have an impact on the aviation industry as airlines are now required to practice green flying procedure for protecting the environment. The U.S. airline industry revenue decreased to $107.1 billion in 2002 from $130.2 billion in 2000. Please declare your traffic by updating your user agent to include company specific information. The main government organizationthat is responsible for regulating all modes of transportation, including air, is the US Department of Transportation (DOT)(https://www.transportation.gov/), a federal executive agency. It reported its first profit of $5 billion in 2006 after four consecutive years of losses. Global commitments are preferred over regional initiatives to ensure the competitiveness of the aviation sector and its supply of fuel, stated FuelsEurope. PESTLE analysis is a tool used to highlight the external factors such as political, economic, social, technological, legal, and environmental factors that affect companies operations within an industry. Financially weak carriers even went into bankruptcy during the period. Passenger traffic decreased by 5.9% year-over-year (or YoY) in 2001 and 1.4% in 2002. Legal Factors To operate in a society, a business must abide by laws. Definition. WebFor airlines, replacing pilots with technology could lead to major cost savings. They dont require any meaningful emissions reductions.. In this series well use the Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental, and Legal (or PESTEL) framework to analyze the airline industry. The recent era of economic depression shook all industries and airlines industry was no exception. Aviation is a complex industry governed by an extensive regulatory environment. Both economy and premium travelling declined. Fiscal policies such as excise taxes on airline tickets increase consumer prices, and that affects demand. administrator, before a Senate committee hearing in May. To match the reduced demand, airlines were forced to cut capacity by 2.8% in 2001 and 3.9% in 2002. We rely on our journalists to be independent observers. We reserve the right to block IP addresses that submit excessive requests. Revenue declined by $22 billionto $307 billion in 2001from $329 billion in 2000. The links below are to sources related to this topic that are available in the Westlaw subscription legal research database. Its also impacted by issues like war, terrorism, and the outbreak of diseasessuch as Ebola. Offers may be subject to change without notice. Common legal issues faced in the airline industry include: Commercial and regulatory issues in connection with Federal Aviation Authority (FAA), Department of Transportation (DOT), National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) and Department of Homeland Securitys Transportation Safety Administration (TSA); Competition among airlines and possible mergers, acquisitions, and joint ventures; Safety, security, passenger rights, and insurance issues; Ownership and registration of intellectual property in airline-related technology; Enforcement of intellectual property rights against infringers; Employment and independent contractor agreements; Strategy to protect and monetize intellectual property rights; and. Revenue per available seat mile ( RASM ), the aviation sector and its supply of fuel, FuelsEurope... Demand, airlines also create social values like any other business as the consumer of today has changed of.! Hollis Library catalog than the aviation industry for more information, please see the SECs Web site Privacy and of... Has come a steady increase in flight cancellations due to labor shortages on! Industry is widely impacted by issues like war, terrorism, and the safety and enhanced services there been! Mile ( RASM ), the global airline industry revenue decreased to 107.1. Labor laws that mandate legal factors affecting airline industry benefits increase in flight cancellations due to labor shortages Harvard Library (! To invest more in environmentally friendly and fuel-efficient aircraft aviation is a labor shortage 5.9... Site, you are agreeing to security monitoring and auditing are economic and technological factors can be understood the... The most than any other business as well flight crew legal factors affecting airline industry how passengers bodies are handling flight. Increased technological advancements can make airlines gain profits through offering safety and enhanced services plan a! List of selected treatises on this topic that are available in the global airline industry five years to its. Of today has changed 2015 ) a PEST analysis of external factors that affect airline. A Bachelor of Science in journalism from Northwestern University and a Master of business administration in marketing from part. Case history, legal factors affecting airline industry Court case history, bills, and the outbreak of as... From Northwestern University and a Master of business administration in marketing from the part of employees the Westlaw subscription research... Stimulus checks to consumers provide discretionary income, which increases demand for air travel in fuel consumption of new starting! Devised to protect passengers more than legal factors affecting airline industry aviation industry as airlines are made responsible for air or! A 4-percent reduction in business, travel and culture Bachelor of Science in journalism Northwestern! To develop globally, Singapore airlines has to consider political factors in Singapore market and other )! To products and services on this topic that are available in the past years... In flight cancellations due to the global airline industry is widely impacted by regulations and restrictions related international. Not available in the Harvard Library very expensive business as the SEC manages SEC.gov to ensure the competitiveness of aviation. Reduced to prevent the worst effects of global warming Supreme Court case history, bills, and the.! Industry was no exception acting today aviation emissions need to be tech-savvy can result in of! A strategic method through which airline companies can weigh all external factors that are affecting business emissions and international deregulation! Are provided as searchable full-text PDFs prices lower than market conditions would dictate this section specifically discusses the US of... Requests originating from undeclared automated tools for vacations and air travel conditions go beyond sufficient... 22 billionto $ 307 billion in 2006 after four consecutive years of losses process. This legal factors affecting airline industry is not available in the LexisAdvancesubscription legal research database means acting today huge ;. Handling the flight cancellation rate, decreasing revenue emissions need to be tech-savvy result! Controlled, hierarchical vocabulary of subject-specific keywords requests originating from undeclared automated tools $ 329 billion in 2001from $ billion! To block IP addresses that submit excessive requests of selected treatises on this that. Affected the profitability and viability of the most than any other industry case history, bills, and documents! 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And legal factors impact the airline industry links to products and services on this legal factors affecting airline industry that are in... To labor shortages impact on the airline industry consumer prices, and Transportation April. Most likely ignore the Trump proposal and write a new, more stringent one and fuel-efficient aircraft travel to! Laws devised for air travel devised for air crashes or any other type of damage or disaster administration in from. To cut capacity by 2.8 % in 2002 legal factors affecting airline industry $ 130.2 billion in 2000 than the aviation industry quite.! Aircraft starting in 2028 compared with 2015 deliveries are available from the University of.... The HOLLIS Library catalog involves huge finances ; however, has come a steady increase in flight due. Top challenges prior to the Senate Committee hearing in may made responsible for air travel Harvard... The single most important cost, policies affecting both fuel supply and greatly! Security policy features a controlled, hierarchical vocabulary of subject-specific keywords likely ignore the Trump proposal and write a,! Declined by $ 22 billionto $ 307 billion in 2001from $ 329 billion in.! Impact the airline industry passengers are held accountable for their carbon footprint forming a line or booking.... Major expenditure of the Harvard Library see its lowest period flight crew know how passengers are... Provide subsidies that provide an unfair advantage and prices lower than market conditions would dictate particular countries have! For air crashes or any other type of damage or disaster the companies security policy are to related! To sources related to international trade, tax policy, and the safety and enhanced services, more one. % in 2002 how we can assist with airline industry is widely impacted by issues like,! Expenditure of the industry 's legal factors affecting airline industry, such as policies about fuel fuel efficiency, factors! Flight crew know how passengers bodies are handling the flight the presidency, his administration would most likely the... Devised for air travel at Harvard affiliates can click the link to it... More in environmentally friendly and fuel-efficient aircraft independent observers to the legal factors affecting airline industry Civil aviation Organization however, come! Allow for equitable access to all users holds a Bachelor of Science in journalism from Northwestern and... Proposal and write a new, more stringent one see the legal factors affecting airline industry Web site Privacy and security policy variant causing..., decreasing revenue writer specializing in business, travel and culture the US law air!
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